Sunday, July 27, 2014

Debate on organ sales in Journal of Medical Ethics

The March 2014 issue of the Journal of Medical Ethics features a lively (but familiar) debate on whether it should be legal to sell kidneys. All the authors are philosophers.  (I am ready for some empirical evidence, which is of course hard to collect when existing laws are interpreted as preventing experimentation of most sorts.)
Here are the articles:

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Commentaries

LA Times OpEd: We shouldn't treat kidneys as commodities

The distinguished transplant nephrologist Gabe Danovitch and the lawyer and medical ethicist Alexander Capron respond to the recent WSJ oped of the late Gary Becker:

We shouldn't treat kidneys as commodities by ALEXANDER M. CAPRON AND GABRIEL DANOVITCH

"buying and selling organs is a dangerous and misguided game, no matter how exalted the theorists playing it or how seemingly straightforward their calculations."
...
"Turning organs into a financial commodity would undermine the safety and efficacy of the system now in place and would not necessarily increase the supply. The United States has served as a model for ethical organ transplantation, and abandoning our long-standing prohibition on buying organs would lead us into an ethical minefield with negative repercussions the world over."

Saturday, July 26, 2014

Market design in honour of John Ledyard in Sydney

Here in the Southern hemisphere, there are two simultaneous conferences on market design. I'm at the one in Sao Paulo in honor of Marilda Sotomayor, and it turns out they just had one in honor of John Ledyard at the University of Technology's Centre for Policy and Market Design in Sydney.

ESEI / UTS Centre for Policy and Market Design Conference in honour of John Ledyard

July 24 & 25 at the University of Technology, Sydney
Room B424, Level 4, 'B Block", UTS Business School
1-59 Quay Street, Haymarket, Sydney, Australia


Here's the program:

ESEI/UTS Centre for Policy and Market Design Conference in honour of John Ledyard

July 24, 2014

9:00 – 9:15

Welcome

9:15 – 9:55

“A Simple Buy-back Auction for Fisheries Management” with Guillerme Freitas and Theodore Groves

9:55 – 10:35

“Equilibrium Bid Strategies in an Auction with Bidder Preferences and Resale”  with Simon Loertscher

10:35–11:00

 

Coffee Break

11:00 – 11:40

“Information Disclosure In Contests: A Bayesian Persuasion Approach” with Junjie Zhou

11:40 – 12:20

“On Efficient Partnership Dissolution” with Oleksii Birulin

12:20–14:00

 

Lunch Break

14:00 – 14:40

“Tacit collusion and asset (un)certainty in first-price common value auctions”with Thomas Sheldrick

14:40–15:20

“A Long Way Coming:  Designing Centralized Markets with Privately Informed Buyers and Sellers” with Simon Loertscher and Leslie M. Marx

15:20 –15:50


Coffee Break

15:50– 16:30

"Entry by Takeover: Auctions vs. Bilateral Negotiations" with Marco Pagnozzi

July 25, 2014

9:00 – 9:40

“Human-Robot Interaction In A Classical Experiment On Multi-Period Asset  Pricing” with Elena Asparouhova

9:40 – 10:20

“Improving Blood Donations:  A Summary of 6 Papers” with Ashley Craig, Ellen Garbarino, Stephanie Heger, Victor Iajya, Mario Macis, Nicola Lacetera and Carmen Wang.

10:20–10:50

 

Coffee Break

10:50–11:30

“Cake Cutting Algorithms for Piecewise Constant and Piecewise Uniform Valuations” with Chun Ye

11:30- 12:10

“On Uniqueness of Equilibrium in the Kyle Model” with Paulo Klinger Monteiro and Rabee Tourky

12:10–13:40

 

Lunch Break

13:40– 14:20

Repeated Nash Implementation” with Ludovic Renou

14:20 – 15:00

“Plasticity, Monotonicity, and Implementability” with Rudolf Müller

15:00 –15:30


Coffee Break

15:30– 16:10

“Generalized Majority Rules” with Marco Faravelli

16:10- 17:00

"Designing Package Markets to Eliminate Exposure Risk" with Jacob K. Goeree

Friday, July 25, 2014

Financial disincentives to live kidney donation: richer people donate at a higher rate

The paper "Population Income and Longitudinal Trends in Living Kidney Donation in the United States" by Jagbir Gill, Jianghu Dong and John Gill, in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, published online July 17, 2014 has this striking figure:

The difference in living donation rates per million population between the highest and lowest income quintile populations increased over time and was largest in 2010. 
Note that the recession caused a decrease in donation among the least wealthy. I think this is as clear a demonstration of the financial disincentives for donation as I've seen.

Thursday, July 24, 2014

Celebrating the 70th Birthday of Marilda Sotomayor, July 25-30 at the University of Sao Paulo


Here's Marilda's cv, and the conference program:


HIGHLIGHTS:
Prof. Alvin E. Roth, Nobel Laureate 2012, will present the mini-course on Market Design 
Prof. Eric S. Maskin, Nobel Laureate 2007, will present a Plenary Lecture
Prof. Robert J. Aumann, Nobel Laureate 2005, will present a Plenary Lecture
Prof. John F. Nash Jr., Nobel Laureate 1994, will present a Plenary Lecture
Updated: July 4, 2014
Please note important changes:
Friday’s Regular Presentation Session (July, 25th) has been changed to Thursday (July, 31st). There were also changes in the Invited Sessions

Wednesday, July 23, 2014

Update on school choice in Newark

The WSJ has the story:
Charters Catch On Fast in Newark: Parents Increasingly Look Outside District Schools By LESLIE BRODY

"In the debut of a system that lets families apply to charter schools and district schools at the same time, Newark got an eye-opening lesson: More than half of the applicants for kindergarten through eighth grade ranked charters as their first choice.

The application numbers, supplied by the state-operated district, show the popularity of charters at a time when Superintendent Cami Anderson's One Newark reorganization plan faces heated opposition from some residents.

One part of the complex plan aims to make it easier for children to sign up for schools outside their neighborhoods. Ms. Anderson said the application data show many families want greater choice.

"Universal enrollment is giving us a real sense of demand and allowing families of all learners, including those who struggle, more options," she said. Some critics, meanwhile, say the superintendent's push to consolidate, overhaul and restaff many district schools has created such uncertainty that it hastened a flight to charters.

Newark is among a handful of cities experimenting with universal enrollment systems, including Denver, New Orleans and Washington. Nina Rees, president of the National Alliance for Public Charter Schools, said she hoped other cities would follow suit."


Learning Curve
Recent student numbers for kindergarten through 12th grade in Newark
Newark district-school enrollment for fall 2014: 34,800 students
Newark charter-school enrollment for fall 2014: 12,200
Newark district-school enrollment for fall 2013: 35,567
Newark charter-school enrollment for fall 2013: 10,869
(Source: Newark Public Schools)

Tuesday, July 22, 2014

Should there be a residency match for medical physics?

The Journal of Medical Physics has published a debate on the resolution: Medical physics residents should be placed using a matching program

Stephen Sapareto, X. Ronald Zhu and Colin G. Orton, Moderator
Med. Phys. 41, 060601 (2014); http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.4871039

Arguing for the Proposition is Stephen Sapareto, Ph.D., arguing against the Proposition is X. Ronald Zhu, Ph.D.

Medical physicists get Board certification following a residency, but they are Ph.D.s and not M.D.'s, so they finish their degree only after writing a dissertation.

Briefly, the position in favor of a match is that graduates are facing a chaotic unraveled market that resembles the one for medical residents prior to the institution of a match.  And the position against a match rests on the observation that medical physicists don't all finish at the same time of year, and that the present rules on timing would be sufficient if only they could be enforced...

Here's an explanation of what medical physicists do, from the American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

Monday, July 21, 2014

Is same-sex dancing repugnant in Britain?

The Telegraph has the story:
Ballroom may soon be strictly off limits for same-sex pairs 
"Women have traditionally paired up at tea dances and ballroom events when there has been a shortage of male partners , but members of the British Dance Council may be about to ban the practice"

"Members of the British Dance Council (BDC) are to consider changing its rules to define a partnership as “one man and one lady”, for all amateur and professional competitions, unless specifically stated otherwise.

"Critics claim that the change in rules would mean same-sex couples may be “banned” from competing in all but a handful of specially designated competitions, despite facing no impediment to their participation until now. The dispute is understood to have stemmed from a rise in the number of successful same-sex couples on the ballroom dancing scene.

"Same-sex couples — both men and women — currently compete regularly across Britain, and have appeared on international versions of television show Strictly Come Dancing. Complaints have been raised arguing that, in the case of men, they have an advantage, due to their superior strength.

"Supporters of the proposal argue it is merely bringing ballroom dancing in line with other sports, where participants are already divided by gender. The proposals are to be debated on July 21, and critics claim that they could, if adopted, contravene equalities legislation."