Here's a paper in the Lancet suggesting some of the work that remains before pig kidneys can be transplanted into human patients:
Immune response after pig-to-human kidney xenotransplantation: a multimodal phenotyping study, by Prof Alexandre Loupy, MD PhD, Valentin Goutaudier, MD MSc, Alessia Giarraputo, PhD, Fariza Mezine, MSc, Erwan Morgand, PhD, Blaise Robin, MSc, Karen Khalil, PharmD, Sapna Mehta, MD, Brendan Keating, PhD, Amy Dandro, MSc, Anaïs Certain, MSc, Pierre-Louis Tharaux, MD PhD, Prof Navneet Narula, MD, Prof Renaud Tissier, DVM PhD, Sébastien Giraud, PhD, Prof Thierry Hauet, MD PhD, Prof Harvey I Pass, MD, Aurélie Sannier, MD PhD, Ming Wu, MD, Adam Griesemer, MD, David Ayares, PhD, Vasishta Tatapudi, MD, Jeffrey Stern, MD, Prof Carmen Lefaucheur, MD PhD, Prof Patrick Bruneval, MD, Massimo Mangiola, PhD, Prof Robert A Montgomery, MD PhD, August 17, 2023 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01349-
"Background: Cross-species immunological incompatibilities have hampered pig-to-human xenotransplantation, but porcine genome engineering recently enabled the first successful experiments. However, little is known about the immune response after the transplantation of pig kidneys to human recipients. We aimed to precisely characterise the early immune responses to the xenotransplantation using a multimodal deep phenotyping approach.
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"Interpretation: Despite favourable short-term outcomes and absence of hyperacute injuries, our findings suggest that antibody-mediated rejection in pig-to-human kidney xenografts might be occurring. Our results suggest specific therapeutic targets towards the humoral arm of rejection to improve xenotransplantation results."
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