French medical residents struggle without a way for couples to match together

 Esther Duflo sent me a link to the story below in Le Monde, describing the difficulty facing married doctors in France who wish to match to first jobs in the same city.

If I understand correctly, the old system ranked students by their exam results on the  épreuves classantes nationales (ECN), after which the students  then chose among the jobs available to them in rank order. A couple could decide to choose jobs at the same time, by waiting till the turn of the worse ranked member of the couple.  In this way they could choose two jobs in the same city.  But a new system ranks doctors differently, by specialties, and resolves itself for everyone at the same time. So couples can now have no way to assure themselves of being matched in the same city. 

Here's the article (which I sense isn't completely clear either in English translation or in the original French): 

"We are pawns to be moved": the geographical conundrum of medical intern couples
Since the last reform of medical studies, the algorithm that distributes future interns in the university hospitals of France no longer guarantees their assignment in the same city as their partner.  By Diane Merveilleux 

" Since 2023, the three-day ECNs giving rise to a single national ranking have been replaced by a sixth year punctuated by tests in the form of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) in October, then oral exams in the spring, which make it possible to establish 13 rankings by specialty groups.

"When summer comes, each student makes up to 80 wishes, a wish corresponding to a specialty in a city. Then an algorithm makes it possible to assign each person an assignment according to the ranking of their wishes. This algorithm will run eight times, each time simulating a final result and allowing students to adapt their wishes and review their ambitions. Their final assignment falls at the same time for everyone, at the end of the last round, in September. They are then hired for four to six years of boarding in the same place, without any possibility of change.

"For young medical couples, this is where the problem lies: those who would like to spend these years in the same city have no way of being sure.

...

"Thus, until 2023, the national ranking led students to choose their assignment one after the other – the first, then the second, and so on. In this configuration, the member of the couple who had obtained the highest score could "downgrade" themselves to join their partner's level so that they could make their decision at the same time. "Today, this downgrading is no longer possible, it's the very principle of the algorithm: we have a system that is totally different," says Philippe Touzy."

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It seems that the couples algorithm that they have abandoned is much more primitive than the Roth-Peranson algorithm* now used in the American medical match, which allows couples to submit much more expressive joint preferences over pairs of jobs.

As it happens, just a few years ago there was a proposal for a two-part match that would have inadvertently disabled the US couples match.  Itai Ashlagi and I were able to convince the American Medical Association (which had sponsored the proposal) that it was a bad idea.  We ran the match under a variety of conditions.  So Itai  has an efficient implementation of the Roth-Peranson algorithm available if it could be helpful in France.

Here’s a blog post about that…

Friday, April 21, 2023

Transition from medical school to residency: defending the parts that work well (namely the NRMP Resident Match)

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* 

 From     Roth, Alvin E. "What have we learned from market design?" Reprinted with a postscript in The Handbook of Market Design, Nir Vulkan, Alvin E. Roth and Zvika Neeman editors, Oxford University Press, 2013, Chapter 1, 7-50

How to regulate legal marijuana?

 The New York Times editorial board thinks about the current environment for (now legal) marijuana, and calls for more careful regulation, and federal taxation:

It’s Time for America to Admit That It Has a Marijuana Problem 

"Thirteen years ago, no state allowed marijuana for recreational purposes. Today, most Americans live in a state that allows them to buy and smoke a joint. President Trump continued the trend toward legalization in December by loosening federal restrictions.

This editorial board has long supported marijuana legalization. In 2014, we published a six-part series that compared the federal marijuana ban to alcohol prohibition and argued for repeal. Much of what we wrote then holds up — but not all of it does.

At the time, supporters of legalization predicted that it would bring few downsides. In our editorials, we described marijuana addiction and dependence as “relatively minor problems.” Many advocates went further and claimed that marijuana was a harmless drug that might even bring net health benefits. They also said that legalization might not lead to greater use.

 

It is now clear that many of these predictions were wrong. Legalization has led to much more use. Surveys suggest that about 18 million people in the United States have used marijuana almost daily (or about five times a week) in recent years. That was up from around six million in 2012 and less than one million in 1992. More Americans now use marijuana daily than alcohol. 

...

"The unfortunate truth is that the loosening of marijuana policies — especially the decision to legalize pot without adequately regulating it — has led to worse outcomes than many Americans expected. It is time to acknowledge reality and change course." 

 

Magic mushrooms have a role in hospice care

 Pain experienced while dying may be partly spiritual.

 National Geographic has the story: 

These drugs could be a game changer for end-of-life care
Certain psychoactive substances can improve the mental health of terminally ill cancer patients—but few patients can currently access them.  By Meryl Davids Landau

 "Several years ago in Vancouver Island, Canada, a 32-year-old mother with advanced metastatic cancer was so wracked with pain and a fear of dying she constantly wept in bed. Through a targeted Canadian government program, the woman accessed psilocybin, the main psychedelic ingredient in magic mushrooms. The day after taking a dose of the drug she was pain-free, able to joke with family members and reconnect with old friends before she died the following week.

...
"The drugs can help with “the existential component of pain that is tied in with spiritual and psychological experiences,” something conventional medicine has few tools to address, says Masuda, a physician with SATA Centre for Conscious Living, who has since facilitated dozens of psychedelic sessions for similar patients.

"Some 400 terminal patients in Canada have legally accessed psilocybin in the past five years via its special programs, and several countries already allow for similar uses. Due to federal drug laws, terminally ill people in the U.S. cannot currently take psilocybin outside of a handful of clinical trials.

"But this may finally change, as government agencies are evaluating whether to allow its use for end-of-life care—thanks to pressure from physicians and years of research. Many palliative care doctors in the U.S. say the change can’t come soon enough." 

Jobs for human "meatspace" workers, assigned by A.I.s

 Robots aren't yet able to replace people: e.g. self-driving taxis (such as Waymo) aren't equipped to close a door left open (or incompletely closed) by a departing passenger.  So artificial agents need a task rabbit to recruit able-bodied (or at least embodied) workers.  

Nature has the story: 

AI agents are hiring human 'meatspace workers' — including some scientists
Biologists, physicists and computer scientists have joined a platform called RentAHuman.ai to advertise their skills. By Jenna Ahart 

"The idea is simple, as the website’s homepage reads: “robots need your body”. Human users can create profiles to advertise their skills for tasks that an AI tool can’t accomplish on its own — go to meetings, conduct experiments, or play instruments, for example — along with how much they expect to be paid. People — or ‘meatspace workers’ as the site calls them — can then apply to jobs posted by AI agents or wait to be contacted by one. The website shows that more than 450,000 people have offered their services on the site." 

Joe Halpern (1953-2026)

 Joseph Halpern was an early explorer of the interface between computer science and game theory.  

Here's his funeral home obit: 

Joseph Y. Halpern
May 29, 1953 — February 13, 2026 

"Joe spent nearly 30 years as a professor of computer science at Cornell, and was considered a pioneer in his field. He was famous for having an impressive influence in a wide variety of topics, working extensively at the intersection of computer science, philosophy, and game theory. His work has reshaped the way we think about topics such as reasoning about knowledge and causality. He is the recipient of prestigious awards such as the Gödel Prize and Dijkstra Prize, the co-author of three highly influential books, six patents, and over 300 papers." 

 

His student Daphne Koller writes:

In Memoriam: Joe Halpern

"Yesterday, my PhD advisor, Joe Halpern, passed away after a long battle with lung cancer. He was a brilliant mathematician, a transformative mentor, and a truly wonderful human being.

"Joe possessed the rare ability to identify unusual, deeply interesting problems and solve them with breathtaking elegance and rigor. He was also a master communicator who could distill the most complex concepts into simple, straightforward truths—a skill I strive to emulate every day." 

 

Here's his Google Scholar Page: Jospeh Halpern 

Eric Schmidt on the future of warfare

 Warfare--the technology by which wars are fought--is changing.

Ukraine’s no man’s land is the future of war
In drone vs drone combat, valuable personnel can be pulled back from the front
Eric Schmidt 

"The writer is former CEO of Google, chair of the Special Competitive Studies Project and an investor in drone technology" 

"Future wars are going to be defined by unmanned weapons. The combination of unblockable satellite communications, cheap spectrum networks and accurate GPS targeting means the only way to fight will be through drone vs drone combat. Drones share data in real time, meaning that many inexpensive platforms can act as a single weapon. They will carry air-to-air missiles to defeat attackers, just like a fighter jet does, but will be cheaper and more abundant.

"The winner of those drone battles will then be able to advance with unmanned ground and maritime vehicles, which move slowly but can carry heavier payloads. These air, land and sea formations will absorb the initial fire and expand what is becoming an increasingly robotic kill zone. Only after the first waves of machines have gone in will human soldiers follow."
 

4th Computational and Experimental Economics Summer School, UPF Barcelona, May31-June 6

Rosemarie Nagel writes from Barcelona:

Dear colleagues and graduate students,

 We invite graduate students, postdocs, and young faculty to the 4th Computational and Experimental Economics Summer School, to be held on May 31 - June 6, 2026, at the BESLab at UPF in Barcelona, Spain.

 The goal of the summer school is to build a foundation for using computational tools, machine learning methods, and large language models to complement and/or explain results from human-subject experiments. In particular, throughout the curriculum, students will learn to implement a variety of agent-based models that have successfully captured regularities observed in experimental and field data.  

 

In addition, the summer school will include a two-day workshop on computational and experimental economics at the BSE summerforum, featuring presentations by leading researchers in experimental and computational economics.

 The deadline for applications is March 7th, 2026, for the summer school. 

 You can find more information and details on how to participate in the summer school here: https://www.upf.edu/web/beslab/comp-2026

 Organizers,

 Herbert Dawid (Bielefeld University)

Mikhail Anufriev (University of Technology Sydney)

Rosemarie Nagel (ICREA-UPF, and BSE)

Valentyn Panchenko (University of New South Wales)

Yaroslav Rosokha (Purdue University)